ISRO's SpaDeX mission succeeds; 2 Indian satellites dock in space

Photo: Instagram/@isro.dos

On Thursday morning, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) completed a historic space docking mission, docking two Indian satellites in space. This was part of the Space Docking Experiment or SpaDeX, and it marked the fourth attempt before Indian scientists finally achieved success.

At 10 am, ISRO announced that the docking process was successful, calling it a "historic moment." They explained how the process worked, saying that the satellites first moved from a 15-meter distance to a 3-meter hold point. The docking process was carefully initiated, leading to the precise capture of the spacecraft. After that, the retraction was done smoothly, and the docking was stabilized for safety. With this achievement, India became the fourth country in the world, after Russia, the USA, and China, to successfully perform space docking.

Docking in space is a very complex process, and ISRO had been cautious, conducting multiple trial runs over the past two weeks to ensure everything went smoothly. The indigenously developed Bhartiya Docking System played a key role in this mission, helping the two satellites move closer to each other at a speed of just 10 millimeters per second before docking.

The two Indian satellites, orbiting 475 kilometers above Earth, were successfully docked in space. The SpaDeX mission was launched on December 30, 2024, using the PSLV rocket, and this achievement opened the door for future space missions, such as Chandrayaan-4 and the Bhartiya Antariksha station.

On January 12, 2025, during the final trial attempt, the satellites were moved back and forth, achieving what ISRO called an "exciting handshake" in space. The satellites came as close as 3 meters to each other before being safely moved back. The last update from ISRO on January 12 mentioned that they would continue analyzing data before the docking was completed.

The SpaDeX mission involved two satellites—SDX01 (the Chaser) and SDX02 (the Target)—which were launched together aboard the PSLV C60 rocket into a 475-kilometer circular orbit. Prime Minister Narendra Modi congratulated ISRO and the entire space team on social media, calling the successful docking a major achievement for India’s future space missions. He also described it as an important milestone in India’s growing space capabilities.

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